Published 22 Sep 2026, 07:00
Next update 21 Oct 2026, 07:00 in 10 days Recent figures may be revised.
Borrowing share of GDP Selected point 2025 · 5.0%, down 0.1 percentage points on a year earlier
4.9% 5% 5.1% 5.2% 2024 · 5.1%, down 0.2 percentage points on a year earlier 2025 · 5.0%, down 0.1 percentage points on a year earlier 5.0% 2024 2025 4.9% 5% 5.1% 5.2% 2024 · 5.1%, down 0.2 percentage points on a year earlier 2025 · 5.0%, down 0.1 percentage points on a year earlier 5.0% 2024 2024 2025 0% 5% 10% 15% 2020 · 12.7%, up 10.5 percentage points on a year earlier 2021 · 6.8%, down 5.9 percentage points on a year earlier 2022 · 4.0%, down 2.8 percentage points on a year earlier 2023 · 5.3%, up 1.3 percentage points on a year earlier 2024 · 5.1%, down 0.2 percentage points on a year earlier 2025 · 5.0%, down 0.1 percentage points on a year earlier 5.0% 2020 2025 0% 5% 10% 15% 2020 · 12.7%, up 10.5 percentage points on a year earlier 2021 · 6.8%, down 5.9 percentage points on a year earlier 2022 · 4.0%, down 2.8 percentage points on a year earlier 2023 · 5.3%, up 1.3 percentage points on a year earlier 2024 · 5.1%, down 0.2 percentage points on a year earlier 2025 · 5.0%, down 0.1 percentage points on a year earlier 5.0% 2020 2022 2025 0% 5% 10% 15% 2016 · 3.4% 2017 · 2.7%, down 0.7 percentage points on a year earlier 2018 · 2.4%, down 0.3 percentage points on a year earlier 2019 · 2.2%, down 0.2 percentage points on a year earlier 2020 · 12.7%, up 10.5 percentage points on a year earlier 2021 · 6.8%, down 5.9 percentage points on a year earlier 2022 · 4.0%, down 2.8 percentage points on a year earlier 2023 · 5.3%, up 1.3 percentage points on a year earlier 2024 · 5.1%, down 0.2 percentage points on a year earlier 2025 · 5.0%, down 0.1 percentage points on a year earlier 5.0% 2016 2025 0% 5% 10% 15% 2016 · 3.4% 2017 · 2.7%, down 0.7 percentage points on a year earlier 2018 · 2.4%, down 0.3 percentage points on a year earlier 2019 · 2.2%, down 0.2 percentage points on a year earlier 2020 · 12.7%, up 10.5 percentage points on a year earlier 2021 · 6.8%, down 5.9 percentage points on a year earlier 2022 · 4.0%, down 2.8 percentage points on a year earlier 2023 · 5.3%, up 1.3 percentage points on a year earlier 2024 · 5.1%, down 0.2 percentage points on a year earlier 2025 · 5.0%, down 0.1 percentage points on a year earlier 5.0% 2016 2020 2025 0% 5% 10% 15% 2016 · 3.4% 2017 · 2.7%, down 0.7 percentage points on a year earlier 2018 · 2.4%, down 0.3 percentage points on a year earlier 2019 · 2.2%, down 0.2 percentage points on a year earlier 2020 · 12.7%, up 10.5 percentage points on a year earlier 2021 · 6.8%, down 5.9 percentage points on a year earlier 2022 · 4.0%, down 2.8 percentage points on a year earlier 2023 · 5.3%, up 1.3 percentage points on a year earlier 2024 · 5.1%, down 0.2 percentage points on a year earlier 2025 · 5.0%, down 0.1 percentage points on a year earlier 5.0% 2016 2025 0% 5% 10% 15% 2016 · 3.4% 2017 · 2.7%, down 0.7 percentage points on a year earlier 2018 · 2.4%, down 0.3 percentage points on a year earlier 2019 · 2.2%, down 0.2 percentage points on a year earlier 2020 · 12.7%, up 10.5 percentage points on a year earlier 2021 · 6.8%, down 5.9 percentage points on a year earlier 2022 · 4.0%, down 2.8 percentage points on a year earlier 2023 · 5.3%, up 1.3 percentage points on a year earlier 2024 · 5.1%, down 0.2 percentage points on a year earlier 2025 · 5.0%, down 0.1 percentage points on a year earlier 5.0% 2016 2020 2025 Source: Office for National Statistics 22 Sep 2026, 07:00
What this means for people The pound total can rise just because the economy is larger. This share shows borrowing against the size of the economy.
Borrowing is set against gross domestic product, so the comparison is with the size of the economy rather than the cash gap alone.
Latest figures See the figures as a table The latest 10 readings, newest first. Period Value 2025 5.0% 2024 5.1% 2023 5.3% 2022 4.0% 2021 6.8% 2020 12.7% 2019 2.2% 2018 2.4% 2017 2.7% 2016 3.4%
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How to read this A whole calendar year The share uses borrowing over a calendar year, set against GDP. One month can look very different.
Banks owned by the public are left out Public sector banks are excluded. Including them would change the percentage.
Pounds and the share can move apart The pound total can grow because prices and the economy are larger, while this share moves differently.
Source
Publisher Office for National Statistics
Official title Public sector net borrowing excluding public sector banks, calendar year, as a percentage of GDP, current prices, not seasonally adjusted
Series JNV5
Geography United Kingdom
Status Accredited official statistics Cite this Office for National Statistics (2026) Public sector net borrowing excluding public sector banks, calendar year, as a percentage of GDP, current prices, not seasonally adjusted, 2025 (series JNV5 ).